Fibonacci is the name of an Italian mathematic who introduced a very specific sequence of numbers to Western European mathematics in 1202, although it had already been known in India for centuries: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144...
The rule of this sequence is very simple, each next number is the sum of the two former numbers, starting with 0 and 1. It is this simple sequence, that is used by nature and, again, you can find it back in plants, in animals and also in geological and astronomical structures.
The Golden Ratio
Directly related to the Fibonacci sequence is the Golden Ratio. There are many ways to define the golden ratio, but maybe the most simple way would be the (golden) division of a line:
This ratio has been used since centuries in architecture and arts. And in modern society it is even used by financial institutions, in the shape of credit cards.
very fast and rather nervous, but very descriptive both in word and image